Overview
Polymyxin B is a polypeptide antibiotic primarily used in veterinary medicine to treat bacterial infections. It is effective against gram-negative bacteria and is often used in combination with other antibiotics for enhanced efficacy.
How It Works
Polymyxin B works by binding to the cell membranes of bacteria, disrupting their structure and causing cell death. This action makes it particularly effective against gram-negative bacteria, which are often resistant to other antibiotics.
Uses & Indications
Polymyxin B is used to treat a variety of infections in dogs and cats, including skin infections, ear infections, and certain types of eye infections. It's commonly included in combination medications for broader spectrum coverage.
Dosage Guidelines
Dogs
- Small Dogs: 5,000 to 10,000 units/kg
- Medium Dogs: 5,000 to 10,000 units/kg
- Large Dogs: 5,000 to 10,000 units/kg
Cats
- Standard: 5,000 to 10,000 units/kg
Administration
Polymyxin B is typically administered topically, either as an ointment or solution for skin, eye, or ear treatments.
Frequency
The usual frequency is twice daily, but the exact regimen should be determined by a veterinarian based on the infection's severity and location.
Duration
The typical treatment duration is 7 to 14 days, depending on the response to therapy.
Side Effects
Common
- Mild irritation at the application site
- Redness or itching
Rare
- Allergic reactions
Severe
- Severe allergic reactions requiring immediate veterinary attention
Precautions & Warnings
- Not for use in pets with known hypersensitivity to polymyxin B.
- Use with caution in pregnant or lactating animals.
Drug Interactions
- Aminoglycosides
- Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
Storage
Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Keep out of reach of children and pets.
FAQ
What if my pet misses a dose?
Administer the missed dose as soon as you remember, unless it's close to the time for the next dose.
Can polymyxin B be used with other medications?
Yes, but always consult your veterinarian as it may interact with other drugs.
Is it safe for pregnant pets?
Use with caution and only under veterinary supervision.
What should I do in case of overdose?
Contact your veterinarian immediately if you suspect an overdose.
How long does it take to see improvement?
Improvement can often be seen within a few days of starting treatment.
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to polymyxin B
- Severe kidney impairment
Warnings
- Not for systemic infections
- Avoid contact with eyes unless specifically prescribed for eye use