Overview
Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) is a type of skin cancer commonly found in pets, particularly affecting areas with high sun exposure. It is characterized by abnormal growth of squamous cells, which make up the outermost layer of the skin.
Causes
SCC is primarily caused by prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light from the sun. Other contributing factors may include exposure to certain chemicals or chronic skin inflammation.
Symptoms & Signs
Early Symptoms
- Red, inflamed skin patches
- Small, firm lumps
Advanced Symptoms
- Ulcerated lesions
- Bleeding or discharge from lesions
Emergency Signs
- Rapid growth of masses
- Severe discomfort or pain
Diagnosis
Veterinarians typically use a combination of physical examination and biopsy to diagnose SCC. Imaging tests such as X-rays or ultrasounds may also be used to assess the spread.
Treatment Options
Home Care
- Protective clothing to limit sun exposure
Veterinary Treatments
- Cryotherapy to freeze cancer cells
- Radiation therapy for localized tumors
Surgical
- Complete surgical excision is often recommended for accessible tumors.
Home Care
Protective measures like applying pet-safe sunscreen and providing shaded areas can help manage the condition.
Prevention
- Limit sun exposure, especially during peak UV hours
- Regular skin checks for early detection
Prognosis & Recovery
The prognosis depends on the stage at diagnosis and the success of treatment. Early detection usually leads to a better outcome.
When to See a Vet
- Any unexplained skin changes
- Persistent or worsening lesions