Overview
Distemper is a highly contagious viral disease that affects several species, including dogs, cats, and other animals like ferrets and raccoons. It is caused by the Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) in dogs and similar viruses in other species, leading to a range of symptoms that can be severe and often fatal.
Causes
Distemper is caused by viral infection, though the responsible virus differs by species. In dogs, canine distemper is caused by the Canine Distemper Virus (CDV), a morbillivirus in the Paramyxoviridae family. In cats, the term feline distemper refers to feline panleukopenia, caused by the Feline Panleukopenia Virus, a parvovirus in the Parvoviridae family.
Symptoms & Signs
Early Symptoms
- Fever
- Nasal discharge
Advanced Symptoms
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
Emergency Signs
- Seizures
- Paralysis
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is typically made through a combination of clinical signs and diagnostic tests such as PCR and serology.
Treatment Options
Veterinary Care
- Supportive care
- Intravenous fluids
Home Care
- Isolate the affected pet
- Maintain hydration
Prevention
- Vaccination
- Avoid contact with infected animals
Prognosis & Recovery
The prognosis for distemper varies, with some animals recovering fully and others suffering long-term consequences or fatalities. Recovery can take weeks to months.
When to See a Vet
- Persistent fever
- Neurological symptoms